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Saturday, June 3, 2017

Solaris 10 - Creating zfs filesystem detail

Creating zfs filesystem

1. Find your disk to use for pool
# echo | format

2. Create a pool
# zpool create ppool c2t1d0

3. Create filesystem
# zfs create ppool/FS_opt-os

4. Mount the filesystem
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/os ppool/FS_opt-os

1. Find your disk to use for pool
# echo | format

or
# zfs create -o mountpoint=/opt/os mypool/opt_os
or
# zfs create ppool/FS_opt-os
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/os ppool/FS_opt-os

or
# df -h /opt/ns
ppool/fs_opt_ns 20G 31K 20G 1% /opt/ns
# zfs umount ppool/fs_opt_ns
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/OS_Image ppool/fs_opt_ns
# df -h
# zfs mount ppool/fs_opt_ns

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

How to change mount point on zfs

1. Check your mount point that you are going to change
# df -h /opt/OS_Image/
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
ppool/fs_opt_ns 20G 31K 20G 1% /opt/OS_Image

2. Unmount old mountpoing
# zfs umount ppool/fs_opt_ns

3. Verify filesystem is unmounted
# df -h /opt/OS_Image/
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0d1s0 8.1G 4.0G 4.1G 50% /

4. Check zfs filesystem
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
pool 85K 976M 31K /pool
ppool 142K 19.6G 31K none
ppool/fs_opt_ns 31K 19.6G 31K /opt/OS_Image

5. Change the mountpoint
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/ns ppool/fs_opt_ns

6. Verify its changed
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
pool 85K 976M 31K /pool
ppool 142K 19.6G 31K none
ppool/fs_opt_ns 31K 19.6G 31K /opt/ns

# df -h /opt/ns
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0d1s0 8.1G 4.0G 4.1G 50% /

7. Mount the filesystem and verify
# zfs mount ppool/fs_opt_ns
# df -h /opt/ns
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
ppool/fs_opt_ns 20G 31K 20G 1% /opt/ns
#

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Creating zfs filesystem

1. Find your disk to use for pool
# echo | format

2. Create a pool
# zpool create ppool c2t1d0

3. Create filesystem
# zfs create ppool/FS_opt-os

4. Mount the filesystem
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/os ppool/FS_opt-os

1. Find your disk to use for pool
# echo | format

or
# zfs create -o mountpoint=/opt/os mypool/opt_os
or
# zfs create ppool/FS_opt-os
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/os ppool/FS_opt-os

or
# df -h /opt/ns
ppool/fs_opt_ns 20G 31K 20G 1% /opt/ns
# zfs umount ppool/fs_opt_ns
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/OS_Image ppool/fs_opt_ns
# df -h
# zfs mount ppool/fs_opt_ns

--------------------Detail Steps----------------

# echo | format
Searching for disks...
Inquiry failed for this logical diskdone

AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0d0 <▒x▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒@▒▒▒ cyl 1566 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@0,0
1. c2t0d0 <VMware,-VMware Virtual -1.0 cyl 1020 alt 2 hd 64 sec 32>
/pci@0,0/pci15ad,1976@10/sd@0,0
2. c2t1d0 <VMware,-VMwareVirtualS-1.0 cyl 128 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63>
/pci@0,0/pci15ad,1976@10/sd@1,0
3. c2t2d0 <VMware,-VMware Virtual S-1.0-1.00GB>
/pci@0,0/pci15ad,1976@10/sd@2,0
Specify disk (enter its number): Specify disk (enter its number):

2. Create a pool
# zpool create ppool c2t1d0
# zpool list
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP HEALTH ALTROOT
datapool 1008M 1.08M 1007M 0% ONLINE -
ppool 1008M 77K 1008M 0% ONLINE -
rpool 11.9G 6.39G 5.55G 53% ONLINE -

# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
datapool 1.08M 975M 31K none
datapool/FS_opt-apps 970K 99.1M 948K /opt/apps
datapool/FS_opt-apps@snap05272017 22K - 948K -
ppool 70K 976M 31K /ppool
rpool 6.46G 5.30G 42.5K /rpool
rpool/ROOT 4.39G 5.30G 31K legacy
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a 4.39G 5.30G 4.39G /
rpool/dump 1.00G 5.30G 1.00G -
rpool/export 286K 5.30G 32K /export
rpool/export/home 254K 5.30G 254K /export/home
rpool/swap 1.06G 5.36G 1.00G -

# df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a
12G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 1.9G 360K 1.9G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
/usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1
9.7G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /lib/libc.so.1
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
swap 1.9G 76K 1.9G 1% /tmp
swap 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /var/run
rpool/export 12G 32K 5.3G 1% /export
rpool/export/home 12G 253K 5.3G 1% /export/home
datapool/FS_opt-apps 100M 948K 99M 1% /opt/apps
rpool 12G 42K 5.3G 1% /rpool
/vol/dev/dsk/c1t0d0/sol_10_113_x86
2.1G 2.1G 0K 100% /cdrom/sol_10_113_x86
ppool 976M 31K 976M 1% /ppool

# zfs set mountpoint=none ppool
# df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a
12G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 1.9G 360K 1.9G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
/usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1
9.7G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /lib/libc.so.1
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
swap 1.9G 76K 1.9G 1% /tmp
swap 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /var/run
rpool/export 12G 32K 5.3G 1% /export
rpool/export/home 12G 253K 5.3G 1% /export/home
datapool/FS_opt-apps 100M 948K 99M 1% /opt/apps
rpool 12G 42K 5.3G 1% /rpool
/vol/dev/dsk/c1t0d0/sol_10_113_x86
2.1G 2.1G 0K 100% /cdrom/sol_10_113_x86
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
datapool 1.08M 975M 31K none
datapool/FS_opt-apps 970K 99.1M 948K /opt/apps
datapool/FS_opt-apps@snap05272017 22K - 948K -
ppool 94K 976M 31K none
rpool 6.46G 5.30G 42.5K /rpool
rpool/ROOT 4.39G 5.30G 31K legacy
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a 4.39G 5.30G 4.39G /
rpool/dump 1.00G 5.30G 1.00G -
rpool/export 286K 5.30G 32K /export
rpool/export/home 254K 5.30G 254K /export/home
rpool/swap 1.06G 5.36G 1.00G -

3. Create filesystem
# zfs create ppool/FS_opt-os
# df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a
12G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 1.9G 360K 1.9G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
/usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1
9.7G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /lib/libc.so.1
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
swap 1.9G 76K 1.9G 1% /tmp
swap 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /var/run
rpool/export 12G 32K 5.3G 1% /export
rpool/export/home 12G 253K 5.3G 1% /export/home
datapool/FS_opt-apps 100M 948K 99M 1% /opt/apps
rpool 12G 42K 5.3G 1% /rpool
/vol/dev/dsk/c1t0d0/sol_10_113_x86
2.1G 2.1G 0K 100% /cdrom/sol_10_113_x86
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
datapool 1.08M 975M 31K none
datapool/FS_opt-apps 970K 99.1M 948K /opt/apps
datapool/FS_opt-apps@snap05272017 22K - 948K -
ppool 132K 976M 31K none
ppool/FS_opt-os 31K 976M 31K none
rpool 6.46G 5.30G 42.5K /rpool
rpool/ROOT 4.39G 5.30G 31K legacy
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a 4.39G 5.30G 4.39G /
rpool/dump 1.00G 5.30G 1.00G -
rpool/export 286K 5.30G 32K /export
rpool/export/home 254K 5.30G 254K /export/home
rpool/swap 1.06G 5.36G 1.00G -

4. Mount the filesystem
# zfs set mountpoint=/opt/os ppool/FS_opt-os
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
datapool 1.08M 975M 31K none
datapool/FS_opt-apps 970K 99.1M 948K /opt/apps
datapool/FS_opt-apps@snap05272017 22K - 948K -
ppool 142K 976M 31K none
ppool/FS_opt-os 31K 976M 31K /opt/os
rpool 6.46G 5.30G 42.5K /rpool
rpool/ROOT 4.39G 5.30G 31K legacy
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a 4.39G 5.30G 4.39G /
rpool/dump 1.00G 5.30G 1.00G -
rpool/export 286K 5.30G 32K /export
rpool/export/home 254K 5.30G 254K /export/home
rpool/swap 1.06G 5.36G 1.00G -
# df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u11wos_24a
12G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 1.9G 360K 1.9G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
/usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1
9.7G 4.4G 5.3G 46% /lib/libc.so.1
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
swap 1.9G 76K 1.9G 1% /tmp
swap 1.9G 28K 1.9G 1% /var/run
rpool/export 12G 32K 5.3G 1% /export
rpool/export/home 12G 253K 5.3G 1% /export/home
datapool/FS_opt-apps 100M 948K 99M 1% /opt/apps
rpool 12G 42K 5.3G 1% /rpool
/vol/dev/dsk/c1t0d0/sol_10_113_x86
2.1G 2.1G 0K 100% /cdrom/sol_10_113_x86
ppool/FS_opt-os 976M 31K 976M 1% /opt/os
# df -h /export/home/prema/
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
rpool/export/home 12G 253K 5.3G 1% /export/home

zfs mirror and creating swap on zfs filesystem

1. Remove the sub mirror from the pool
# zpool detach datapool c1t2d0
# zpool status datapool
pool: datapool
state: ONLINE
scan: resilvered 454M in 0h0m with 0 errors on Sun Jun 4 09:00:42 2017
config:

NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
datapool ONLINE 0 0 0
c1t0d0 ONLINE 0 0 0

errors: No known data errors

2. Mirror the disk
# zpool help attach
usage:
attach [-f] <pool> <device> <new-device>
# zpool attach datapool c1t0d0 c1t2d0

3. Create a swap volume
# zfs help
The following commands are supported:
allow clone create destroy diff get
groupspace help hold holds inherit list
mount promote receive release rename rollback
send set share snapshot unallow unmount
unshare upgrade userspace
For more info, run: zfs help <command>
# zfs help create
usage:
create [-p] [-o property=value] ... <filesystem>
create [-ps] [-b blocksize] [-o property=value] ... -V <size> <volume>
# zfs create -V 100m datapool/myswap

4. Locate your swap volume
# ls -l /dev/zvol/dsk/datapool/myswap
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 Jun 4 09:09 /dev/zvol/dsk/datapool/myswap -> ../../../../devices/pseudo/zfs@0:1c
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
datapool 557M 419M 32K none
datapool/mydb 454M 419M 453M /data/mydb
datapool/mydb/test 31K 419M 31K /data/mydb/test
datapool/myswap 103M 522M 16K -
mypool 142K 1.95G 31K none
mypool/opt_os 31K 1.95G 31K /opt/os
yourpool 189K 19.6G 31K none
yourpool/FS_opt-OS_Image 31K 19.6G 31K /opt/OS_Image
yourpool/fs-opt-os 31K 19.6G 31K /opt/os

5. Add swap
# swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/dsk/c0d1s1 102,1 8 1076344 1076344
# swap -s
total: 273784k bytes allocated + 91588k reserved = 365372k used, 1264948k available
# swap -a /dev/zvol/dsk/datapool/myswap
# swap -l
swapfile dev swaplo blocks free
/dev/dsk/c0d1s1 102,1 8 1076344 1076344
/dev/zvol/dsk/datapool/myswap 181,1 8 204792 204792
# swap -s
total: 273868k bytes allocated + 91572k reserved = 365440k used, 1366508k available
#

Monday, May 29, 2017

RHEL7.3 - Install NSCD - Name Service Cache Daemon

Install NSCD - Name Service Cache Daemon

[root@puppet puppet-enterprise-2017.2.1-el-7-x86_64]# yum install nscd

[root@puppet puppet-enterprise-2017.2.1-el-7-x86_64]# systemctl start nscd
[root@puppet puppet-enterprise-2017.2.1-el-7-x86_64]# systemctl status nscd
● nscd.service - Name Service Cache Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2017-05-29 20:19:53 EDT; 7s ago
Process: 13229 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nscd $NSCD_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 13230 (nscd)

To flush/clear DNS Cache you need to restart “nscd” service if installed.

[root@puppet puppet-enterprise-2017.2.1-el-7-x86_64]# systemctl restart nscd

Friday, April 28, 2017

Script:- if test, usage

usage()
{
    echo "Usage: $command [-i|-u|-b|-h ]"
    echo "-i : fresh install "
    echo "-u : upgrade install"
    echo "-b :Upgrade Agent only , no server info will be updated"
    echo "-h : show this help"
}

user=`id | cut -d'=' -f2 | cut -d\( -f1`
if [ $user -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "This package needs root authentication to install."
    exit 1
fi
###Validation: No args, go away
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
    usage
    exit 1
fi

Sunday, April 23, 2017

RHEL7 - NFS server, client and autofs

1. On nfs server, perform the following
[root@bishal certs]# vi /etc/exports
/home *(rw,sync)

[root@bishal certs]# exportfs -r

[root@bishal certs]# exportfs
/opt/OS_Image <world>
/home <world>
[root@bishal certs]#

[root@bishal prema]# groupadd -g 1050 dba
[root@bishal prema]# useradd -u 1050 -g 1050 gagan
[root@bishal prema]# passwd gagan
Changing password for user gagan.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

2. On Client system, perform the following tasks
[root@prema ~]# showmount -e 192.168.10.238
clnt_create: RPC: Port mapper failure - Unable to receive: errno 113 (No route to host)
[root@prema ~]# showmount -e 192.168.10.238^C

[root@prema ~]# mount 192.168.10.238:/home /mnt

[root@prema ~]# df -h /mnt
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
192.168.10.238:/home 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /mnt
[root@prema ~]#

3. Setting up auto-fs
Now, remove all the content from home directory on client system.

[root@prema home]# mkdir /var/tmp/all
[root@prema home]# ls
ahn all bau bishal dev kamal niv pradip prema ram sam

[root@prema home]# mv * /var/tmp/all

[root@prema home]# ls -l
total 0
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home

[root@prema home]# vi /etc/auto.master
/home /etc/home.autofs

:wq

[root@prema home]# vi /etc/home.autofs
prema 192.168.10.238:/home/prema

[root@prema home]# groupadd -g 1050 dba

[root@prema home]# useradd -u 1050 -g 1050 gagan
useradd: cannot create directory /home/gagan
[root@prema home]# ls
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home
[root@prema home]# passwd gagan
Changing password for user gagan.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

Now, login to the system with respective users

[root@prema home]# vi /etc/auto.master
[root@prema home]# vi /etc/home.autofs
[root@prema home]# cat /etc/home.autofs
* 192.168.10.238:/home/&
[root@prema home]# systemctl restart autofs
[root@prema home]# echo $?
0
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home
[root@prema home]# ls
[root@prema home]# cd /
[root@prema /]# cd /home
[root@prema home]# ls
gagan prema
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home
[root@prema home]# ls
bishal gagan pradip prema
[root@prema home]#

[root@prema /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 18G 4.0G 14G 23% /
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 156K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 9.2M 903M 2% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 297M 152M 146M 51% /boot
/dev/mapper/datavg-datavol 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% /opt/oracle
tmpfs 183M 20K 183M 1% /run/user/1000
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
192.168.10.238:/home 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /mnt
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/1050
192.168.10.238:/home/gagan 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /home/gagan
192.168.10.238:/home/prema 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /home/prema
192.168.10.238:/home/bishal 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /home/bishal
192.168.10.238:/home/pradip 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /home/pradip
192.168.10.238:/home/kamal 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /home/kamal
[root@prema /]#

4. Disable autofs
[root@prema /]# systemctl stop autofs
[root@prema /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 18G 4.0G 14G 23% /
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 156K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 9.2M 903M 2% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 297M 152M 146M 51% /boot
/dev/mapper/datavg-datavol 2.0G 33M 2.0G 2% /opt/oracle
tmpfs 183M 20K 183M 1% /run/user/1000
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
192.168.10.238:/home 18G 14G 4.6G 75% /mnt
tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/1050
[root@prema /]#

5. Restore original home directory contents
# cd /home; mv /var/tmp/all/* .
or
[root@prema home]# pwd
/home
[root@prema home]# tar -xvzf /var/tmp/home-content.tar.gz

Monday, April 17, 2017

RHEL7 - NFS server share and mounting at client

RHEL7 - NFS server share and mounting at client

On NFS server
1. Install nfs server package
# yum install nfs-utils

2. Start nfs server service
# systemctl enable nfs-server.service
# systemctl start nfs-server.service

3. Disable to add nfs service to firewall
# systemctl stop firewalld
or
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=nfs
# firewall-cmd --reload

4. Now, Specify the share and add entry to config file
# mkdir /opt/myshare && chmod 777 /opt/myshare
# vi /etc/exports
/opt/myshare *(rw,sync)

5. Re-read the config
# exportfs -r

6. Verify the share
# exportfs

On client

1. Install the package if not installed
# yum install nfs-utils

2. Create a mount point
# mkdir /opt/www

3. Add entry to /etc/fstab
# vi /etc/fstab
nfsserver:/the_share /opt/www nfs defaults 0 0

4. Mount the share on the client
# mount -a
or
# mount /opt/www
or
# mount nfsserver:/shared_path /mountpoint
# mount 192.168.10.20:/opt/myshare /opt/www

Verify the mount
# df -h /opt/www
#

Troubleshooting steps
- most importantly the issue is because of firewall. Add nfs service to allow the connection to server or port 2049.
- Make sure both servers can ping each other.
- verify all the configuration files that there is no typo.

Solaris 10 - deleting user command history

HISTSIZE=0

for i in `ls /export/home/*/.*profile`; do echo ls -l $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.*profile`; do grep HISTSIZE $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.*profile`; do echo "export HISTSIZE=0" >> $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.*profile`; do grep HISTSIZE $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do ls -l $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do cat /dev/null > $i; ls -l $i; done

1. Change root password

2. Change users home dir
chmod 700 /export/home/*

3. Remove history file
ls /export/home/*/.bash_history
cat /dev/null > /export/home/*/.bash_history

for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do echo $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do cat /dev/null > $i; done

4. Add following to users profile
ls -l /export/home/*/.profile | more
export HISTCONTROL=ignorespace
echo "export HISTCONTROL=ignorespace" >> /export/home/*/.profile
echo "export HISTCONTROL=ignorespace" >> /export/home/*/.bash_profile
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.profile /export/home/*/.bash_profile`; do echo $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.profile /export/home/*/.bash_profile`; do echo "export HISTCONTROL=ignorespace" >> $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.profile /export/home/*/.bash_profile`; do grep HISTCONTROL $i; done
passwd kbhusal
passwd root
chmod 700 /export/home/*
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do ls -l $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do cat /dev/null > $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.bash_history`; do ls -l $i; done
sleep 1
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.profile /export/home/*/.bash_profile`; do echo "export HISTCONTROL=ignorespace" >> $i; done
for i in `ls /export/home/*/.profile /export/home/*/.bash_profile`; do grep HISTCONTROL $i; done
sleep 1
ls -ld /export/home/*

You can add HISTFILE=~/.hist$$ to your .profile. This should generate a unique file per session.

You can add HISTFILE=~/.hist$$ to your .profile. This should generate a unique file per session.
You can remove these files automatically by adding the following.
trap 'rm ${HISTFILE}' exit
bash stores command entries in HISTFILE (by default ~/.bash_history) and has a fixed size of how many to keep - HISTFILESIZE (by default 500). If the commands, one types, exceed that number, then history of those is lost.
Commands can also be ignored, see HISTIGNORE, as well as commands that start with a leading space - see HISTCONTROL=ignorespace. Those are not ever stored in HISTFILE.
clears the history often (history -c
savehist with csh, HISTFILE/HISTSIZE with ksh and bash). ksh records the history in real time while bash records it on shell exit so you might lose the history if the shell dies abruptly. Bash has also some setting that would prevent some commands not to appear on the history (HISTCONTROL, HISTIGNORE, HISTFILESIZE). If you have more than one interactive shell running, commands will be lost if the histappend shell option is not set with bash.

Friday, April 7, 2017

RHEL7 - Initial Server set up

Summary

1. Add host entry to hosts file.
# vi /etc/hosts
2. Mount your ISO image and copy it locally
# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/kbhusal/rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
# df -h /mnt
# cd /mnt
# mkdir /opt/OS_Image
# cp -a * /opt/OS_Image/
3. Create required user to the system if its local.
# useradd -c "John Smith" jsmith
# passwd jsmith
4. Grant user admin access to the system.
# visudo
5. Set up local repo
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# vi local.repo
# yum clean all
# yum repolist
# yum search httpd
# rpm -qa | grep httpd
# yum install httpd

Detail

1. Once you login to newly installed system, add host entry to hosts file.
[root@sgld-lx-v01 ~]# vi /etc/hosts
192.168.10.120    sgld-lx-v01.expanor.local    sgld-lx-v01

2. Create yum repo [ Mount your ISO image and copy it locally ]
[root@sgld-lx-v01 ~]# mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/kbhusal/rhel-server-7.3-x86_64-dvd.iso /mnt
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@sgld-lx-v01 ~]# df -h /mnt
Filesystem      Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/loop0      3.6G 3.6G     0 100% /mnt
[root@sgld-lx-v01 mnt]# mkdir /opt/OS_Image
[root@sgld-lx-v01 mnt]# cp -a * /opt/OS_Image/

3. Create required user to the system if its local.
[root@sgld-lx-v01 mnt]# useradd -c "Pradip Giri" pradip
[root@sgld-lx-v01 mnt]# passwd pradip
Changing password for user pradip.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

4. Grant user admin access to the system.
[root@sgld-lx-v01 mnt]# visudo
User_Alias ADMINS = sam, pradip
ADMINS ALL=(ALL)       NOPASSWD: ALL

5. Set up local repo
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# vi local.repo
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# cat local.repo
[LOCAL]
name = Local Redhat Repo
baseurl = file:///opt/OS_Image
enabled = 1
gpgcheck = 0
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: LOCAL
Cleaning up everything
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
LOCAL                            | 4.1 kB 00:00:00
(1/2): LOCAL/group_gz            | 136 kB 00:00:00
(2/2): LOCAL/primary_db          | 3.9 MB 00:00:00
repo id                      repo name             status
LOCAL                        Local Redhat Repo    4,751
repolist: 4,751
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# yum search httpd
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
============================================== N/S matched: httpd ===============================================
httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server
httpd-devel.x86_64 : Development interfaces for the Apache HTTP server
httpd-manual.noarch : Documentation for the Apache HTTP server
httpd-tools.x86_64 : Tools for use with the Apache HTTP Server
libmicrohttpd.i686 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications
libmicrohttpd.x86_64 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications
mod_auth_mellon.x86_64 : A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Httpd Server
mod_dav_svn.x86_64 : Apache httpd module for Subversion server

Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]# yum install httpd
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-45.el7 for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================
Package                      Arch                    Version                       Repository              Size
=================================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd                        x86_64                  2.4.6-45.el7                  LOCAL                  1.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
apr                          x86_64                  1.4.8-3.el7                   LOCAL                  103 k
apr-util                     x86_64                  1.5.2-6.el7                   LOCAL                   92 k
httpd-tools                  x86_64                  2.4.6-45.el7                  LOCAL                   84 k
mailcap                      noarch                  2.1.41-2.el7                  LOCAL                   31 k

Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 1.5 M
Installed size: 4.3 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: n
Exiting on user command
Your transaction was saved, rerun it with:
yum load-transaction /tmp/yum_save_tx.2017-04-05.15-16.l571TA.yumtx
[root@sgld-lx-v01 yum.repos.d]#

This completes the set up on yum repo on RHEL7.